Discipline of Actions v/s Fate
Comprehensible Thoughtfulness / बोधगम्य चिंतन
The comprehensible thoughtfulness of INSIDE / मन, ACTION/ कर्म & PLEDGE / वचन lead human activities in which they can be successfully follow the constitutive of the happy life which are all balanced & capable of attaining the ultimate goal of life.
There are three aspects, in which a person who is going to be good and noble must be trained. That concerning Desires and dislikes, so that he may never fail to get what he desires nor fall into what he would avoid. That concerning the impulse to Act and not to act, and, in general, appropriate behavior; so that he may act in an orderly manner and after due consideration, and not carelessly. The third is concerned with freedom from deception and hurried judgment, and, in general, whatever is connected with Assent (consent).
Our capacity to employ these disciplines in the course of daily life is ‘in our power’ or ‘up to us’ because they depend on our opinions, judgments, intentions and desires which concern the way we regard things over which our moral character has complete control.
Desire / तृष्णा
Desire concerns what someone striving for excellence as a rational being should truly believe is worthy of desire, which for the human beings is that which is truly good, high merit and action motivated by good value.
With the disappointment of our desires and the incurring of our dislike introduces disturbances/ विघ्न, hue and cry/ शोरगुल, misfortunes/ दुर्भाग्य, and calamities/ त्रासदी; and causes sorrow, weeping/ अश्रुपूर्ण and envy/ ईर्ष्या; and renders us angry and jealous, and thus incapable of listening to reason.
We should rather place our hope not in ‘external’ things that are not in our power, but in our own dispositions and moral character. In short, we should limit our desire to virtue and to becoming (to the best of our capacities) examples of ‘excellence/ उत्कृष्ठता’. If we do not do this, the inevitable result is that we will continue to desire what we may fail to obtain or lose once we have it, and in consequence suffer the unhappiness of emotional disquiet (or worse). And as is the common experience of all people at some time or other, when we are in the grip of such emotions we run the risk of becoming blind to the best course of action, even when interpreted in terms of pursuing ‘external’ things.
Discipline of Action/ कर्म का सिद्धांत
This discipline concerns our ‘impulses to act and not to act’, that is, our motivations, and answers the question as to what we each should do as an individual in our own unique set of circumstances to successfully fulfill the role of a rational/ विवेकी, sociable being who is striving/ प्रयास for excellence.
The outcome of our actions is not wholly in our power, but our preference to act one way rather than another, to pursue one set of objectives rather than others, this is in our power.
This has to do with appropriate action. I should not be unfeeling like a statue, but should preserve my natural and acquired relations as a man who honors the gods. Appropriate acts are in general measured by the relations they are concerned with. The actions we undertake, Put simply, our interest to live well as rational beings obliges us to act virtuously/ सदाचारितासे, to be patient/ धैर्य, considerate/ ध्यानरखतेहुए, gentle/ विनम्र, Just/ न्यायी, self-disciplined, even-tempered/ समभाव, dispassionate/ निष्पक्ष, unperturbed/ अनुद्विग्न, and when necessary, courageous. This returns us the happy life which is realized by those who are motivated by good value. The Discipline of Action points out that how this should be applied in our practical affairs.
Assent / सहमति(Consent)
Assent translates which means ‘approve’, ‘agree’, or ‘go along with’. Thus, when we assent to an impression, we are committing ourselves to it as a correct representation of how things are, and are saying, ‘Yes, this is how it is.’ The Discipline of Assent, then, is an exercise applied to our impressions in which we interpret and judge them in order to move from having the impression of something or other, to a declaration that such-and-such is the case.
What we must avoid, then, is adding to our impressions immediately and without proper evaluation any opinion that something good or bad is at hand. For the only thing that is good are moral good values, and the only harm that anyone can come to is to engage in affairs motivated by secondary intention.
Fate/ भाग्य
Those things that most of us, most of the time, seek after as being desirable, what we consider will make our lives go well, are things that are not in our power, and thus the hope we have for securing these things is placed in the hands of others or in the hands of fate.
Therefore, is to ‘live according to nature’, which means (a) pursuing a course through life intelligently responding to one’s own needs and duties as a sociable human being, but also (b) wholly accepting one’s fate and the fate of the world as coming directly from the divine intelligence which makes the world the best that is possible. (Accepting what fate brings/ प्रसादबुद्दि )
We should focuses more on accepting what fate/ भाग्य brings, saying that we should anticipate the sorts of things that can happen, so that when they do we will not be surprised and will not be angry. In other situations, anticipation of trouble or misfortune is impossible, but all the same, Human’s will accept their fate as what God has ordained for them, and this to understand that keeping spirit in harmony / सामंजस्य with nature.